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HTML

Learn HTML

What Is HTML

HTML is a coding language that is used for structuring the front-end of a website. It’s the building block of all websites and without truly understanding it, creating a properly structured website is extremely difficult.

Notepad++

As with any skill, it’s best to use tools to help best assist us. In this case, I recommend Notepad++ to write our coding structure because it’s FREE and loaded with features right out-of-the-box. You can download Notepad++ by visiting this link.

HTML can be written in any document, but there are multiple features that make Notepad++ far superior than basic code editor applications, such as tabbed documents, launching documents in browsers, and coding language recognizer.

Now that we have Notepad++, we’ll dive into HTML Tags to better understand how to structure a website.

HTML Tags

When using HTML, we use what are called HTML Tags. These are a library of set default codes that browsers render out. They have a predetermined function given by the creators of HTML that browsers like Firefox, Chrome, and Explorer interpret.

An HTML tag looks like this <html></html>. Any code or content between the tag will be displayed in the browser by referencing the HTML library. Other HTML Tag examples would be: <header></header>, <body></body>, <footer></footer>, <div></div>, etc. It’s even possible to make our own HTML Tags and program what they do, but we’ll start with the most popularly used tags.

HTML Example

Note: Hover over an HTML Tag to see which tag is being used.



<!DOCTYPE>
<html>
<head>
<title>The Title</title>
<head>
<body>
<header>
<div><h1>The Main Header Title</h1></div>
<nav>
<ul>
<li>Home</li>
<li>About</li>
<li>Contact</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</header>
<main>
<section>
<div><h2>The Main Topic Title</h2></div>
<div><p>This is the main content for this page.</p></div>
</section>
</main>
<aside>
<section>
<div><h3>The Sidebar Title</h3></div>
<div><p>This is the sidebar content.</p></div>
</section>
</aside>
<footer>
<section>
<div><p>Copyright 2017 - The Page Creator</p></div>
</section>
</footer>
</body>
</html>



When we save this file as an .html document and open it in a browser, this is what displays out:

In this document, we used the following common HTML Tags:

  • <!DOCTYPE>
  • <html>
  • <head>
  • <title>
  • <body>
  • <header>
  • <div>
  • <h1>
  • <nav>
  • <ul>
  • <li>
  • <main>
  • <section>
  • <h2>
  • <p>
  • <aside>
  • <footer>

To learn more about these and the rest of the common HTML Tags, continue below.

HTML Tag Reference

Basic HTML

HTML Tag Description
<!DOCTYPE> tells browser which version of HTML the document is written in
<html> tells browser content inside tag is HTML
<title> tells the browser the title of the document
<body> contains all content of the HTML document
<h1> to <h6> set of default HTML headings for titles
<p> designates content as a paragraph
<br> creates a single line break in the document
<hr> creates a horizontal line to thematically break content
<!–…–> allows content to be written as comments but not displayed to the browser

Formatting

HTML Tag Description
<b> designates the wrapped content to be bold
<blockquote> designates that wrapped content is from another source
<em> stylizes the wrapped content in italics
<small> stylizes the wrapped content as small
<strong> stylizes the wrapped content as important

Forms and Input

HTML Tag Description
<form> begins an HTML form
<input> allows users to type into a designated field
<textarea> allows users to type into a larger designated field
<button> designates an interactive button
<select> begins a drop-down list to select from
<option> designates a list item option in a select drop-down list
<optgroup> designates a list item option group name in the drop-down list
<label> designates a label for the input tag
<fieldset> defines the area around a form

Frames

HTML Tag Description
<iframe> displays in another web url on the page

Images

HTML Tag Description
<img> displays an image from a url source

Links

HTML Tag Description
<a> creates a clickable element sending the user to another url or area of the page
<link> calls in another file from a source
<nav> designates navigation links to the browser

Lists

HTML Tag Description
<ul> designates an unordered list
<ol> designates an ordered list
<li> designates an list item

Tables

HTML Tag Description
<table> designates a table
<caption> designates a table caption
<th>
<tr>
<td>
<thead>
<tbody>
<tfoot>
<col>
<colgroup>

Style and Semantics

HTML Tag Description
<style>
<div>
<span>
<header>
<footer>
<main>
<section>
<article>
<aside>

Meta Info

HTML Tag Description
<head>
<meta>
<base>

Programming

HTML Tag Description
<script>
<noscript>
<embed>